Climate change means long-term changes in the Earth’s temperature and weather. Today, the planet is getting warmer very fast, and humans are the main reason.
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Over the last 100 years, global temperatures have risen sharply. Each decade since the 1980s has been hotter than the last. In fact, 2024 was the hottest year ever recorded. Scientists say climate change caused most of this heat.
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So, what is driving this change? The main cause is human activity. People burn coal, oil, and gas for energy. As a result, these fuels release carbon dioxide into the air. This gas traps heat around the Earth, like a blanket. Because of this, the planet keeps warming.
Climate change is already affecting lives. Heatwaves are stronger. Heavy rains and floods are more common. Droughts last longer. Glaciers are melting, and sea levels are rising. For example, deadly fires in the US and droughts in East Africa have been linked to climate change.
Scientists warn that warming beyond 1.5°C will make things much worse. Food shortages, disease, and rising seas could affect millions. Poorer countries will suffer the most, even though they pollute less.
Governments aim to cut emissions to net zero. However, progress is slow. Still, individuals can help by using less energy, flying less, and choosing cleaner transport.
